8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B
15. C 16. A 17. D 18. D 19. D 20. A 21. C
22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: THE CHILD
PSY 360 - Fall 2002
Test 5
Multiple Choice: For each question below, select the single most correct answer by circling the corresponding letter. (@ 1 point)
[NOTE: Answers to the multiple choice questions can be found at the end of this test.]
1. The “clay-molding” view of child development has now given way to
a more complex view, most commonly called _____________ therapy.
A. economical
B. systems
C. social cognitive D. socialization
2. Which of the following would be a part of Benji’s exosystem?
A. the company that employs his father
B. his family's ethnic group
C. the day care center he attends
D. his brothers & sisters
3. According to research studies, which of the following children, all
of whom are growing up in poor, tough neighborhoods, has the best chance
of growing up without any problems with delinquency?
A. Juan, who has five brothers and sisters
B. Gregor, whose mother is devoted to him
C. Patrick, who lives with his grandparents
D. Saul, who lives with his father
4. Parents who pick up on their child’s signals appropriately, and then
react in sensitive ways to the child’s needs are described as
A. anxious
B. controlling
C. loving
D. responsive
5. In families in which rules and the consequences of disobeying rules
are made clear and the rules are consistently enforced, the children are
more
A. “robot-like” in their behavior
B. defiant or noncompliant
C. aggressive
D. competent and sure of themselves
6. Spanking a child does all of the following EXCEPT
A. stop a particular behavior
B. negatively reinforce the parent
C. permanently change the child’s behavior
D. demonstrate the use of physical force
7. ____________________ children are far more likely than other children
to become aggressive or delinquent later in childhood, to be substance
abusers in adolescence and adulthood, to attempt suicide, to have emotional
problems, and to have lower IQs.
A. physically abused
B. permissively reared
C. authoritatively controlled
D. disciplined
8. Mr. Chagall demands obedience and maturity from his children.
He feels little need to communicate with them beyond telling them what
to do and does not feel very close to them. Baumrind would label
Mr. Chagall as
A. authoritarian
B. authoritative
C. neglecting
D. permissive
9. Which of the following children is most likely to achieve eminence
as an adult?
A. Rick, who is a youngest child
B. Becky, who is a middle child
C. George, who is a second-born child
D. Carlotta, who is a first-born child
10. Complex jobs are linked to increases in which type of child-rearing?
A. authoritarian
B. authoritative
C. neglecting
D. permissive
11. At the start of school, five-and-six-year-olds who began day care
in infancy were measured for cognitive development. The results showed
that
A. children from poor families had higher reading or math scores
B. children of all racial/ethnic groups and all social classes
did poorly
C. children from middle-class families did the best
D. all children were accelerated in math but not reading
12. A good day care center will have
A. only supervised activities
B. activities that encourage play
C. the newest, most up-to-date toys
D. high staff turnover
13. Cross-cultural cognitive development research on schooled versus
unschooled children has demonstrated that
A. children who do not attend school learn as many complex concepts
and cognitive strategies as do children who do attend school
B. children who do not attend school are better at generalizing
a learned concept or principle to some new setting
C. school experiences are causally linked to the emergence of
advanced cognitive skills
D. attending school teaches children facts and skills, but does
not help them learn to think
14. Among children in the United States, a key factor in the child’s
successful adaptation to school is his or her readiness to
A. become independent
B. read
C. socialize
D. play
15. Which of the following high school students will probably have the
most problems in school?
A. Cynthia, who works a weekend job for 10 hours per week
B. Mario, who works after school in a job related to his school
major for 1 hour per day
C. Becky, who works 30 hours a week in a factory
D. Julio, who works in his parent’s business, which he hopes
to take over some day
16. TV programs specifically designed for preschool children to be educational
or to teach positive values have
A. demonstrable positive effects on children’s vocabulary development
and prosocial behaviors
B. no effect positive or negative
C. positive effects on vocabulary development, but no effect
on prosocial behaviors like kindness or helpfulness
D. negative effects on children’s vocabulary development, but
no effect on prosocial behaviors
17. The argument that children learn aggressive behavior from the violence
shown on television is most consistent with which theory discussed in earlier
chapters?
A. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory
B. Kohlberg’s moral reasoning theory
C. Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory
D. Bandura’s social cognitive theory
18. The ______________ family structure plays an especially important
positive role in the African-American culture.
A. single-parent
B. nuclear
C. permissive
D. extended
19. Cultures that place greater emphasis on individual freedom appear
to foster higher rates of
A. shyness
B. fearfulness
C. depression
D. hyperactivity E. both
B & C
20. What do fearfulness and depression have in common?
A. They are internalizing problems
B. They are the most common problems found in American youth\
C. They develop in cultures in which there is an emphasis on
individual freedom
D. They are all inherited disorders
21. Delinquency
A. is another term for conduct disorder
B. is most common in the preschool years
C. only applies to intentional lawbreaking
D. is rarely a serious problem
22. Mildred has been feeling depressed for the last eight months and
has difficulty sleeping and concentrating. Her problem is most likely
A. insomnia
B. clinical depression
C. conduct disorder
D. attention deficit disorder
E. puberty
23. Most adolescents who attempt to commit suicide
A. have displayed significantly deviant behavior for some period
of time before the event
B. display normal behavior up until the time of the suicidal
behavior
C. have few if any stressors in their lives
D. do not have any real opportunity to kill themselves
24. A characteristic common to “vulnerable” children is
A. an “easy” temperament
B. a high IQ
C. an insecure attachment
D. good social skills
25. Two criteria are usually used in deciding whether a given child
is functioning at a mentally retarded level. The first is IQ and
the second is __________________.
A. adaptive behavior
B. achievement test scores
C. expressive language ability
D. socioeconomic status
KEEP THIS SHEET - You may record your multiple-choice answers on it to compare with the answer key after the test.
Write answers to these questions in your blue-book.
KEY TERMS. Select 5. For each, supply a precise definition
including the context and a clear example (@ 3 points).
Internalizing Disorder
Learning Disability
Maladaptive Hedonistic Reasoning
Los Abandinados Systems Theory
Socialization Theory
De Mause
SHORT ANSWER. Select and answer 2 (@ 5 points).
1. Identify the 5 components of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory. Then supply a specific example of each from the video ("Among Equals").
2. Identify the 5 components of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory. Then supply a specific example of each from the lecture on child abuse.
3. List 4 criteria for atypical development. Then analyze shyness in terms of each criterion.
1. B
2. A 3.
B 4. D
5. D 6.
C 7. A
8. A
9. D 10. B
11. A 12. B
13. C 14. B
15. C 16. A
17. D 18. D
19. D 20. A
21. C
22. B 23. A
24. C 25. A