DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: THE CHILD
PSY 360 – Fall 2001
Test 5
Multiple Choice: For each question below, select the single most correct answer by circling the corresponding letter (@ 1 point).
[NOTE: Answers to the multiple choice questions can be found at the end of this test.]
1. Systems theorists emphasize that, in any system,
A. nature is more important than nurture
B. the whole consists both of parts and of their relationship
to one another
C. psychological components are more complicated than biological
or economic components
D. full functioning prevents changes in one part from affecting
other parts of the system
2. In Bronfenbrenner’s system, the microsystem refers to
A. each individual child
B. all those system elements that influence the child because
they affect the family
C. elements such as the neighborhood in which the family lives
and the ethnic identity of the family
D. all those settings in which the child has direct personal
experience, such as the family and school
3. Which of the following would be part of Tanya’s exosystem?
A. her school
B. her part-time job
C. her ethnic group
D. her mother’s job
4. Several studies have shown that among children and teens growing
up in poor, tough neighborhoods, the lives of those who do not become delinquent
are distinguished by one ingredient, which is
A. a high level of intelligence
B. high levels of maternal love
C. a large extended family
D. a two-parent family
5. Mark and Carlotta make sure their children understand the rules of
behavior and rarely make any exceptions for the rules. We would expect
that their children will be
A. defiant
B. non compliant
C. self-confident
D. delinquent
6. Spanking a child does all of the following EXCEPT
A. stop a particular behavior
B. negatively reinforce the parent
C. permanently change the child’s behavior
D. demonstrate the use of physical force
7. Children who yell back at their parents have probably
A. learned to yell from observing their parents
B. been praised for yelling
C. learned to yell from their peers
D. forgotten their manners
8. Mr. Jones demands obedience and maturity from his children.
He feels little need to communicate with them beyond telling them what
to do and does not feel very close to them. Baumrind would label
Mr. Jones as
A. authoritarian
B. authoritative
C. neglecting
D. permissive
9. Children in single-parent families tend to have more problems because
A. single parents cannot raise a child properly
B. single parent families are more likely to be poor
C. most single parents are in minority groups
D. there is a lower intellectual level in single parent homes
10. Nonparental care in which the child is cared for in someone else’s
home, usually with a small group of other children, is called
A. family day care
B. home care
C. baby sitter care
D. out-of-home care
11. Susy is eight months old and her mother works. Where is Susy
most likely to be cared for?
A. day care center
B. at home by a relative
C. nursery school
D. a cooperative center
12. Two-year-old Willie is in day care for about nine hours a day so
his mother can work to support the family. When his mother picks
him up, she is exhausted. Willie is most at risk for
A. early aggressive behavior
B. insecure attachment
C. poor cognitive development
D. more childhood illnesses
13. A good day care center will have
A. only supervised activities
B. activities that encourage play
C. the newest, most up to date toys
D. high staff turnover
E. all of the above are beneficial
14. Cross-cultural cognitive development research on schooled versus
unschooled children has demonstrated that
A. children who do not attend school learn as many complex concepts
and cognitive strategies as do children who do attend school
B. children who do not attend school are better at generalizing
a learned concept or principle to some new setting
C. school experiences are causally linked to the emergence of
advanced cognitive skills
D. attending school teaches children facts and skills, but does
not help them learn to think
15. Parents of engaged students are most likely to be
A. authoritarian
B. permissive
C. authoritative
D. neglecting
16. Which of the following high school students will probably have the
most problems in school?
A. Cynthia, who works a weekend job for 10 hours per week
B. Mario, who works after school in a job related to his school
major for 1 hour per day
C. Becky, who works 30 hours a week in a factory
d. Julio, who works in his parent’s business, which he hopes
to take over some day
17. Among TV programs that children typically watch, which type of program
has the highest average rate of violent episodes?
A. adventure programs
B. soap operas
C. situation comedies
D. children’s cartoons
18. A key characteristic of resilient children, who seem to be protected
from the detrimental effects of poverty’s repeated stresses and upheavals,
is
A. having concrete operations
B. high self-esteem
C. gang membership
D. an internal working model
19. Cultures that place greater emphasis on individual freedom appear
to foster higher rates of
A. shyness
B. fearfulness
C. depression
D. hyperactivity
20. Depression, eating disorders, and anxiety are all examples of the
subcategory of psychopathology called __________________ problems.
A. interactive
B. externalizing
C. biosocial
D. internalizing
21. The preschooler who shows defiant, oppositional behavior and aggressiveness
A. will usually develop a full-fledged, persisting conduct disorder
in adolescence and adulthood
B. will not necessarily develop a conduct disorder if his parents
can handle his early defiance
C. has to be a boy, since girls do not show this particular syndrome
D. will usually outgrow it
22. Mildren has been feeling depressed for the last eight months and
has difficulty sleeping and concentrating. Her problem is most
likely
A. insomnia
B. clinical depression
C. conduct disorder
D. attention deficit disorder
E. puberty
23. Most adolescents who attempt or commit suicide
A. have displayed significantly deviant behavior for some period
of time before the event
B. display normal behavior up until the time of the suicidal
behavior
C. have few if any stressors in their lives
D. do not have any real opportunity to kill themselves
24. Which drugs are used to treat hyperactive children?
A. depressants
B. stimulants
C. muscle relaxants
D. anti-anxiety drugs
25. _________________ is one of the few types of psychopathology or
deviant behavior that is more common among females.
A. delinquency
B. suicide
C. drug abuse
D. depression
KEEP THIS SHEET - You may record your multiple-choice answers on it to compare with the answer key after the test.
Write answers to these questions in your blue-book.
KEY TERMS. Select as many as you know. For each,
supply a precise definition including the context and a clear example.
Partial answers will be worth partial credit, but silly guesses will result
in a loss of points (@ +/- 3 points).
Systems Theory
Chronosystem
Good-boy / Nice-girl Stage
Preconventional Level
Hawaii Project
PCDC
Elective Mutism
Child Abuse Prevention Act
SHORT ANSWER. Select and answer 2 (@ 6 points).
1. List the five levels of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological model. For each level, identify a specific example from the video material ("Worlds of Childhood") and briefly explain how your example fits that level.
2. From our class discussion on ideas to improve the lives of children, briefly summarize your idea (discussed or not) and 2 other ideas. For each idea, discuss which levels of the Ecological model would have to change to accommodate that proposed idea.
3. Analyze dyslexia in terms of the 4 criteria for atypical development.
Which criterion do you think is the most important for this disorder and
why?
1. B
2. D 3.
D 4. B
5. C 6.
C 7. A
8. A
9. B 10. A
11. B 12. B
13. B 14. C
15. C 16. C
17. D 18. B
19. D 20. D
21. B
22. B 23. A
24. B 25. D