DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: THE CHILD
PSY 360 – Fall 2001
Test 3
Multiple Choice: For each question below, select the single most correct answer by circling the corresponding letter (@ 1 point).
[NOTE: Answers to the multiple choice questions can be found at the end of this test.]
1. A child with an IQ of 110 should be
A. grounded and made to study harder
C. placed in a class for the mentally retarded
B. placed in a gifted class
D. placed in a regular class
E. impossible—the maximum IQ possible is 100
2. An IQ of 98 for a nine-year-old boy means that he
A. scored 98 percent correct on the test
B. is better than 98 percent of all nine-year-olds taking the
test
C. would be considered to be of average intelligence
D. has an IQ in the 98th percentile
3. You have a one-year-old who seems to be delayed in her motor development
and you are concerned. Your child’s day care worker suggests that
your child be tested to be certain that she is developing normally.
Which test would be most appropriate for your child?
A. Stanford-Binet test
C. WISC-R
B. Bayley Scales of Infant Development
D. Metropolitan Achievement Test
4. Compared to norm-referenced achievement tests, performance tests
A. are more traditional
B. are more complicated and more expensive to administer
C. have dominated in classroom teaching in the United States
since colonial times
D. are declining in popularity
E. all of the above
5. To be a good inventor, which of the kinds of intelligence described
by Sternberg would you most need?
A. analytical
B. operational
C. creative
D. practical
6. IQ scores of identical twins tend to be more alike than those of
same-sex fraternal twins. This might be taken as very good evidence
for a hereditary effect. On the other hand, which of the following
possible findings would give the best evidence AGAINST such a conclusion?
A. Parents treat identical twins more alike than they do fraternal
twins
B. Identical twins are typically born into middle-class families,
where they both are provided with stimulating environments
C. when adopted, all twins scores become more similar to adoptive
parents and less like biological parents
D. Identical twins tend to have similar achievement test scores
7. Research on the effect of social class on IQ has shown
A. a cumulative deficit
B. a social class effect on infant scales only
C. no difference in IQ based on social class
D. a decreasing effect of social class after the grade school
years
8. Studies around the world consistently yield estimates that
A. heredity is responsible for 90 percent of the variation in
IQ
B. environment is responsible for all of IQ
C. about 50 percent of the variation in IQ is due to heredity
D. there is very little interaction between heredity and environment
9. For which ability(ies) below is there a substantial sex difference
where boys score higher than girls:
A. verbal
C. EQ
B. spatial
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
10. We do not consider that babies are using language when they first
make different sounds because
A. they are not copying an adult
B. the sounds are not words
C. the sounds do not refer to things or events
D. the different order of the sounds conveys meaning
11. Which of the following statements about babbling is CORRECT?
A. In the development of babies’ babbling, it can be said that
they are “learning the words before the tune.”
B. When babies babble with a falling intonation at the end of
a string of sounds, it seems to signal a desire for a response
C. When babies first start babbling, they typically babble all
kinds of sounds, including some that are not part of the language they
are hearing
D. At about 11 or 12 months of age, the sound repertoire in babbling
gradually comes to include many sounds babies do not hear spoken around
them
12. The sequence and timing of the steps of early language in the deaf
and the hearing child provides strong support for the argument that
A. language is dependent on the environment
B. the baby is primed to learn language in some form
C. there is no innate language system
D. the right side of the brain controls language
13. Which of the following would be an example of telegraphic speech?
A. “I want more cookies.”
C. “I did it.” (while pointing at a painting)
B. “Ba-ba”
D. “Look doggie.”
14. The use of “goed” instead of “went” by a child is an example of
A. a holophrase
C. overregularization
B. telegraphic speech
D. inflection
E. both A & B
15. Which of the following sentences is likely to be the most
difficult for a five-or six-year-old child to understand?
A. “The car was fixed by the young man.”
B. “We saw the young man at the gas station.”
C. “The young man was repairing a car.”
D. “The car needs to be fixed.”
16. Which of the following arrangements would make the learning of two
languages simultaneously the easiest for a young child?
A. Mom always speaks one language to the child, Dad always speaks
the other to the child, and they speak only one language to each other.
B. Mom always speaks one language to the child, Dad always speaks
the other to the child, and they speak both languages to each other
C. Mom and Dad both speak both languages to the child and both
languages to each other
D. Mom and Dad both speak both languages to the child but speak
only one language to each other
E. none of the above-these are all detrimental to language
learning
17. Which theorist is most strongly associated with innateness theories
of language?
A. Skinner
B. Freud
C. Chomsky
D. Piaget
18. In their attempt to define personality, theorists and researchers
have
A. failed to come to any agreement
B. identified ten traits found in children but not in adults
C. described adult personality along five major dimensions
D. adopted Freud’s description of personality
19. Most psychologists agree that temperament
A. and personality are the same thing
B. is found only in infants and has no relationship to adult
personality
C. is the matrix from which personality develops
D. is not related in any way to personality, because it is an
out-dated concept
20. Ms. Gowan teaches third grade, and this year she has one little
girl in class who is very aggressive. No matter how much Ms. Cowan
punishes her, the child continues to misbehave and actually seems to be
increasing her aggressive actions. A behaviorist would say that
A. the child obviously has some type of brain damage
B. the attention is reinforcing the girl’s aggressive behavior
C. aggression is an inborn trait and is not responsive to punishment
D. there are unconscious conflicts that must be resolved
E. either A or C
21. Roger conducts a good deal of his business from his home and frequently
talks with clients on the phone. However, his four-year-old son seems
to pester him the most when he is on the phone. Roger tries to ignore
him, but usually after persistent interruptions over a five-to-ten minute
period, Roger usually stops what he is doing to pay attention to his son.
According to a behaviorist, Roger is actually
A. causing his son to have a difficult temperament
B. increasing his son’s behavior with partial reinforcement
C. using structured immersion
D. damaging his son’s self-esteem
22. A strength of the behavioral theory approach to personality is that
it
A. takes a pessimistic view of behavior
B. can explain either consistency or inconsistency in children’s
behavior
C. stresses stages of development
D. integrates biological, cognitive, and psychodynamic concepts
E. all of the above
23. Of the following theories of personality, which is the most
clearly developmental?
A. biological
C. social learning
B. psychoanalytic
D. traditional behaviorism
24. In Freud’s theory, what is the major outcome of the Oedipal crisis
for a boy?
A. development of a sense of identity versus role-confusion
B. development of the major ego defense mechanisms
C. identification with the father
D. sexual intimacy
25. Erickson asserts that a child who has established a sense of basic
trust has had
A. caregivers, usually parents, who were loving and responded
predictably and reliably to the child during the early years
B. caregivers who were erratic or harsh in their care of the
child during infancy, thereby instilling in the child a strong need for
trust
C. two parents as primary caregivers, at least curing the early
years of development
D. lenient toilet-training
KEEP THIS SHEET - You may record your multiple-choice answers on it to compare with the answer key after the test.
Write answers to these questions in your blue-book.
KEY TERMS. Select as many as you know. For each,
supply a precise definition including the context and a clear example.
Partial answers will be worth partial credit, but silly guesses will result
in a loss of points (@ +/- 3 points).
Hippocampus
Babbling Intonations
STM
Oral Fixation
Contextual Intelligence
Expressive Style
Deductive Logic
Confluence Model
SHORT ANSWER. Select and answer 2 (@ 6 points).
1. Compare & contrast each pair by identifying a major similarity
& a difference:
A) Stella & Chess versus
Carl Jung
B) Shaping versus Re-casting
C) Echoic versus Iconic
2. For each aspect of language listed below, explain it in terms
of a specific nature theory and in terms of a specific nurture theory,
using technical terms wherever appropriate.
A) Overregularization
B) Accent
C) Syntax
3. Which specific intelligence measure would be most appropriate
and which would be least appropriate in each of the following situations?
Defend your answers.
A) Screening a 3rd-grader
for learning disabilities.
B) Selecting a candidate
for a Ph.D. program in Developmental Psychology.
C) Predicting which child
will be popular among peers.
1. D
2. C 3.
B 4. B
5. C 6.
A 7. A
8. C
9. B 10. C
11. C 12. B
13. D 14. C
15. A 16. A
17. C 18. C
19. C 20. B
21. B
22. B 23. B
24. C 25. A