ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
PSY 309 - Spring 2001
Test 1

Multiple Choice:  Circle the letter corresponding to the single most correct answer (@ 1 point).

1. Which of the following illustrates a difficulty in defining abnormal behavior as behavior that is statistically infrequent?
 A. IQ below 70 is considered mentally retarded
 B. It is unusual for people to have delusions
 C. Math prodigies are rare in the population
 D. Bedwetting is common in young children

2. Which definitions of abnormality applies to Cindy?  Cindy is an accomplished lawyer who sought psychological help in dealing with the problems of balancing work and family responsibilities.
 A. unexpectability                               C. personal distress
 B. violation of social norms                 D. statistical infrequency
                                                           E. both A & B

3. Psychiatrists differ from clinical psychologists in that psychiatrists
 A. receive training in scientific bases of behavior
 B. receive more training in psychology
 C. undergo personal analysis as part of their training
 D. prescribe medication
 E. all of the above

4. The first theory of deviant behavior attributed the behavior to
 A. demonic possessions                                    C. excessive black bile
 B. dysfunctional learning experiences                 D. hypochondria

5. Early asylums were developed
 A. to isolate socially undesirable people
 B. to protect people from the inquisition
 C. after the discovery of syphilis
 D. in conjunction with the somatogenic hypothesis

6. Moral treatment involved
 A. herbal remedies that may have been toxic          C. treatment similar to milieu therapy
 B. fighting social inequities                                      D. religious guidance
                                                                              E. both A & D

7. Emil Kraepelin
 A. showed that hypnosis blocks pain
 B. described the human anatomy
 C. developed a classification system of mental disorders
 D. pioneered the free association method

8. Psychopathology became dominated by the somatogenic hypothesis because of
 A. the dominance of nonmedical professionals in the area
 B. the discovery of the link between general paresis and syphilis
 C. the lack of other theories
 D. Jean Charcot
 E. both A & D

9. A genetic explanation of schizophrenia would be supported by which of the following choices?
 A. Higher concordance between MZ than DZ twins
 B. MZ twins reared apart are likely to share the disorder
 C. Relatives of probands with schizophrenia are more likely to have schizophrenia
 D. all of these support a genetic explanation
 E. None of these support a genetic explanation

10. Neurotransmitters
 A. deliver nerve impulse information across the synapse
 B. are analyzed through linkage analyses
 C. transmit genetic information from parents to offspring
 D. block the flow of information and contribute to behavioral problems
 E. both B & C

11. What paradigm was used by this therapist?  Joan was fired from her job and her therapist was attempting to help her see that this is not terrible, and that being fired may not mean she is a bad person
 A. learning paradigm                               C. cognitive paradigm
 B. psychoanalytic paradigm                     D. gestalt paradigm
                                                                E. biological paradigm

12. Lou is in physics class and begins to feel disinterested.  He then fantasizes about his girlfriend and their pleasurable plans for that weekend.  This is an illustration of
 A. electra complex                              C. ego activity
 B. collective unconscious                     D. primary process

13. Sally is trying to decide whether to drink alcohol, knowing that her parents are strongly opposed to drinking.  According to Freudian theory, Sally’s struggle is between her ________________, which makes her want to drink, and ______________, which discourages drinking because nice girls don’t drink alcohol
 A. id; superego                             C. id; ego
 B. ego, superego                           D. superego; ego

14. A major emphasis of client-centered therapy is
 A. emphasizing self-actualization             C. to improve awareness of one’s own behavior
 B. unconditional positive regard              D. all of the above

15. Behaviorists advocate that
 A. abnormal behavior arises from discussions of abnormal behavior
 B. abnormal behavior is learned
 C. insight is important in changing behavior
 D. defenses are associated with resolving anxiety

16. As part of treatment for a fetish, Ed is instructed to masturbate while fantasizing about sexual activity aside from the fetish object.  The goal of treatment was to ultimately pair arousal with a different stimulus than the fetish object.  This is an illustration of what technique?
 A. counterconditioning                     C. Gestalt therapy
 B. introspection                                D. transference

17. In addition to having Panic Disorder, Tony has hypertension.  The clinician diagnosing him thinks that his medical condition is affecting his psychiatric symptoms.  Where, if at all, would his hypertension be included in the DSM-IV diagnosis?
 A. Axis II
 B. Axis III
 C. Axis IV
 D. The medical condition would not be included in the DMS-IV diagnosis.

18. Axis V is included to
 A. provide a current rating of functioning
 B. estimate probability of recovery
 C. assess the effects of genetics
 D. all of the above are correct

19. Sheila was recently robbed and subsequently developed an acute stress disorder.  She was blinded during the robbery and is now unable to find work because of her loss of sight.  Using DSM-IV, how would Sheila’s problem be diagnosed?
 A. Axis I:  no diagnosis; Axis II:  Acute Stress Disorder; Axis III: blindness
 B. Axis I:  Acute Stress Disorder; Axis II: blindness
 C. Axis I:  Acute Stress Disorder; Axis II: blindness; Axis III:  Psycholosocial and Environment Problem; robbery
 D. Axis I: Acute Stress Disorder; Axis III: blindness; Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problem: robbery

20. In DSM-IV, long-term personality disorders are identified on
 A. only Axis I                          C. only Axis III
 B. only Axis II                         D. all the axes

21. Just before he died, several physicians were treating Joe for a stroke; an autopsy showed he had Alzheimer’s Disease.  Joe’s physicians showed
 A. neither reliability nor validity          C. reliability but not validity
 B. validity but not reliability               D. both reliability and validity (despite very bad Luck

22. Which of the following situations is most similar to the concept of interrater reliability in making psychiatric diagnoses?
 A. You see identical twins who have identical mannerisms
 B. After watching a new T.V. show, you and a friend independently decide that it is lousy
 C. You’re not sure what time a baseball game is on and guess it is at 1:00.  You look in the T.V. guide and it is, in fact, at 1:00.
 D. You meet someone new at a party and decide she/he is a shy person.  Sure enough, she/he hardly speaks to anyone at the party

23. If we show that there are lawful relationships in the etiology of schizophrenia, we are concerned with:
 A. interrater reliability                         C. multiaxial classification
 B. construct validity                            D. projective tests

24. Which of the following is an example of how culture is considered in DSM-IV?
 A. The description of disorders include discussion of how symptoms may differ cross-culturally
 B. One axis is devoted to rating the person’s level of acculturation in the mainstream culture
 C. The introductory material cautions professionals not to apply DSM diagnoses to persons from other cultures
 D. Culture is not mentioned in the DSM-IV

25. Which of the following is true regarding interviewing the client?
 A. It enables one to obtain vast amounts of information
 B. It is too subjective to be of much value in assessment
 C. It provides the most valid information in the assessment
 D. Behavioral clinicians consider it useless, though clinicians from other paradigms find it useful
 E. All of the above

26. You have developed a new personality inventory that will be used to match roommates in order to minimize conflict.  You are almost ready to market the test, but first must administer it to several hundred individuals to establish normatic information.  This phase of test development is referred to as
 A. branching                             C. reactivity
 B. psychometrics                      D. standardization

27. The MMPI is an example of a(n)
 A. projective test                          C. intelligence test
 B. personality inventory                 D. structured clinical interview

28. How does the MMPI attempt to determine if particular person is responding to the test in a valid way?
 A. by asking questions developed by a high IQ sample of the population
 B. by conducting the interview in a structured and standardized way
 C. by including special validity scales to detect response biases
 D. by providing ambiguous stimuli so the person does not know which answer is right or wrong

29. The projective hypothesis assumes
 A. responses to highly structured tasks reveal hidden attitudes and motivations
 B. preferences for unstructured stimuli reveal unconscious motives
 C. unstructured stimuli provoke anxiety
 D. responses to ambiguous stimuli are influenced by unconscious factors

30. The Rorschach Inkblot Test is an example of a(n)
 A. intelligence test                            C. personality inventory
 B. diagnostic inventory                     D. projective test

31. What assessment procedure creates the most reactivity?
 A. ecological momentary assessment
 B. personality inventory
 C. projective test
 D. structured clinical interview
 E. Thematic Apperception Test

32. If a Hispanic client is being examined by an examiner from a different cultural background, the examiner should
 A. schedule fewer sessions to remain objective
 B. refer the client to a psychiatrist
 C. refuse to examine the client
 D. schedule additional sessions to ensure adequate rapport
 E. both B & C

***KEEP THIS SHEET - you may record your multiple-choice answers on it to compare with the Answer Key after the test.

Write answers to these questions in your blue-book.
 

KEY TERMS & NAMES.  Select 6.  For each term, supply a precise definition including the context and a clear example.  For each name, supply the context and 2 other pieces of information about that person. (@ 3 points)
                    Primary Empathy                               Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy
                    Reuptake                                           Localization of Function
                    Neuropsychological Test                    Viktor Frankl
                    Anna O.                                             Carl Jung
 

ESSAY.  Select and answer 2. (@ 6 points)

1.  Select any 3 paradigms and discuss how each would view depression, including: assumptions about etiology, treatments, and implications for responsibility.  Include technical terms wherever appropriate.

2.  Use 5 criteria of abnormality to determine whether cigarette-smoking is abnormal, including an explanation for each.  Which 1 criterion is the most critical in your decision & why?

3.  Compare and contrast each of the following pairs by identifying 1 major similarity and 1 major difference:
                            a) Franz Mesmer vs Richard von Krafft-Ebing
                            b) Repression vs Reaction Formation
                            c) Ayllon & Azrin vs Phyllis Chesler

4.  From the class discussion on historical perspectives, list the 3 different assumed causes of psychopathology.  Discuss in detail how each would view hysteria, including technical terms or key names wherever appropriate.